ABC On Primary & Secondary Antibody With Their Roles

 

Do you know our antibody is produced by B Cells? Do you have any idea that antibodies get activated when they find any foreign substances entering our bodies? If you have no idea about such things, this piece of blog would be very interesting for you. We would discuss here antibody along with primary and secondary antibody.

What is Antibody?

The antibody has a different name. It is also known as immunoglobulin. It is formed in response to an antigen, a foreign substance. Not all antibodies work in the same manner as all antibodies are unique on their own and fight against antigens. Antibodies are generally found in blood plasma, serum, tears, and saliva as well.

Primary & Secondary Antibodies

Antibodies are categorized into primary and secondary antibodies according to their binding capability as well as usage.

·       Primary Antibody: Coming to primary antibodies, primary antibodies get bonded to specific proteins or biomolecules. They produce mAbs (monoclonal) or pAbs (polyclonal) antibodies in utilizing animal species including rats, mice, goats, and rabbits. When PAb antibodies are produced from various B-cell clones, MAb antibodies are produced from a specific and single B-cell clone. Thus, PAbs is used against various antigen epitopes; whereas MAbs are directed against one epitope (part of a molecule of an antigen) of antigen.

·       Secondary Antibody: Secondary antibodies bind with primary antibodies which are directly attached to the antigens. Secondary antibodies get attached to the C regions of primary antibodies by using their v regions. In this way, secondary antibodies help primary antibodies in the detection as well as purification of antigens. Secondary antibodies are more flexible along with sensitive in the process of detection and labeling.

Last But Not Least,

Primary antibodies are used in the detection of the biomarkers of cancer, Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, and Alzheimer's. Secondary antibodies are used in colorimetric, fluorescent detection, and/or chemiluminescent assays. Primary and secondary antibody - both play essential roles in detecting and neutralizing antigens.