Do
you know our antibody is produced by B Cells? Do you have any idea that
antibodies get activated when they find any foreign substances entering our
bodies? If you have no idea about such things, this piece of blog would be very
interesting for you. We would discuss here antibody along with primary and secondary antibody.
What is Antibody?
The
antibody has a different name. It is also known as immunoglobulin. It is formed
in response to an antigen, a foreign substance. Not all antibodies work in the
same manner as all antibodies are unique on their own and fight against
antigens. Antibodies are generally found in blood plasma, serum, tears, and
saliva as well.
Primary & Secondary Antibodies
Antibodies
are categorized into primary and secondary antibodies according to their
binding capability as well as usage.
·
Primary Antibody: Coming to primary antibodies, primary
antibodies get bonded to specific proteins or biomolecules. They produce mAbs
(monoclonal) or pAbs (polyclonal) antibodies in utilizing animal species
including rats, mice, goats, and rabbits. When PAb antibodies are produced from
various B-cell clones, MAb antibodies are produced from a specific and single
B-cell clone. Thus, PAbs is used against various antigen epitopes; whereas MAbs
are directed against one epitope (part of a molecule of an antigen) of antigen.
·
Secondary Antibody: Secondary antibodies bind with primary
antibodies which are directly attached to the antigens. Secondary antibodies
get attached to the C regions of primary antibodies by using their v regions. In
this way, secondary antibodies help primary antibodies in the detection as well
as purification of antigens. Secondary antibodies are more flexible along with
sensitive in the process of detection and labeling.
Last But Not Least,
Primary
antibodies are used in the detection of the biomarkers of cancer, Parkinson’s
disease, diabetes, and Alzheimer's. Secondary antibodies are used in
colorimetric, fluorescent detection, and/or chemiluminescent assays. Primary and secondary antibody - both play essential roles in detecting and
neutralizing antigens.
